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The Fundamental Flaw

The technology works. The on-ramps don't.

2 min readJanuary 8, 2023

Imagine you made 10x on a crypto trade. Now withdraw it.

You need to transfer from your wallet to an exchange. The exchange needs to be KYC-verified and connected to a KYC-verified bank account. The bank needs to be comfortable with crypto-related transactions. None of these entities can have failed, frozen your account, or changed their policies since you last checked.

If everything goes right on-chain, many things can still go wrong off-chain.

This is blockchain's fundamental flaw: the technology works. The on-ramps and off-ramps don't—yet.

Key Takeaways

  • Blockchains are permissionless. Getting money into and out of them is not.
  • Every crypto user depends on centralized chokepoints: exchanges, banks, payment processors.
  • The value of "monetary sovereignty" depends heavily on where you live and what you're trying to do.

The Chokepoints

Onboarding

Only two well-adopted methods exist for funding a blockchain account:

1. Centralized Exchanges (CEXs)

  • Requires KYC-verified bank account
  • Connected to KYC-verified exchange
  • Exchange must still be operational
  • Bank must be crypto-friendly

2. Third-Party Services (Moonpay, Flexa, etc.)

  • High fees and wide spreads
  • Same KYC requirements
  • Same censorship infrastructure

You could fund from another wallet—but that wallet had to be funded through one of the above. It's turtles all the way down.

Offboarding

Let's say you onboarded successfully. You have USDC in a non-custodial wallet. You ape into1 a leveraged DOGE position. Elon goes on SNL and announces SpaceX accepts it. You sell at the top. 10x gains.

Now what?

The withdrawal path:

  1. Transfer to exchange
  2. Exchange converts to fiat
  3. Exchange sends to bank
  4. Bank accepts the transaction

Each step can fail. The exchange can freeze your account. The bank can reject crypto-related deposits. Policies can change between your deposit and withdrawal.

Your on-chain capital is largely inaccessible for real-world spending. Alternatives exist—collateralized loans, pseudonymous gift cards, peer-to-peer exchanges in crypto-friendly zones—but they're not realistic for most people.

The Censorship Reality

If the US wanted to significantly restrict crypto, it could:

  • Block bank transactions with exchanges
  • Prohibit payment processors from serving crypto companies
  • Require platforms to delist certain tokens

Every chokepoint is a potential control point. This is a significant problem for those who believe in blockchain's ethos—and there's no clear, scalable solution.

The technology might survive. An estimated 5-10% of blockchain users have technical backgrounds2, compared to 0.5% of the general population. The industry can adapt. But widespread adoption through current infrastructure? That's vulnerable.

Who Actually Needs This?

The honest assessment:

DeFi probably isn't for you if:

  • You trust your banks
  • You don't care about self-sovereignty
  • You're not speculating
  • You're in a stable jurisdiction

In that case, the risks likely exceed the benefits.

DeFi might be necessary if:

  • You're in Argentina, Venezuela, or similar economies
  • You're experiencing hyperinflation
  • You're subject to strict capital controls
  • Your banks can't be trusted

Location determines value. The same tool that's a speculative toy in New York is a financial lifeline in Buenos Aires.

The Bottom Line

Blockchains are remarkable engineering. The political and financial infrastructure around them is not.

The technology is as strong as its weakest link. Right now, that's onboarding and offboarding. Until that changes—through regulatory evolution, better UX, or new infrastructure—the "first billion users" everyone pitches on slide 5 will remain a pitch deck fantasy.

The technology works. The on-ramps and off-ramps don't—yet.


References

The actual percentage may vary significantly by blockchain platform and geographic region.

Footnotes

  1. "Ape" or "Aping in" is crypto slang referring to buying into a cryptocurrency or NFT project quickly without thorough due diligence, often based on hype or fear of missing out (FOMO). ↩

  2. This estimate is based on industry observation and conference demographics rather than formal survey data. ↩

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The Fundamental Flaw

crypto

The technology works. The on-ramps don't.

2 min readJanuary 8, 2023
crypto

Imagine you made 10x on a crypto trade. Now withdraw it.

You need to transfer from your wallet to an exchange. The exchange needs to be KYC-verified and connected to a KYC-verified bank account. The bank needs to be comfortable with crypto-related transactions. None of these entities can have failed, frozen your account, or changed their policies since you last checked.

If everything goes right on-chain, many things can still go wrong off-chain.

This is blockchain's fundamental flaw: the technology works. The on-ramps and off-ramps don't—yet.

Key Takeaways

  • Blockchains are permissionless. Getting money into and out of them is not.
  • Every crypto user depends on centralized chokepoints: exchanges, banks, payment processors.
  • The value of "monetary sovereignty" depends heavily on where you live and what you're trying to do.

The Chokepoints

Onboarding

Only two well-adopted methods exist for funding a blockchain account:

1. Centralized Exchanges (CEXs)

  • Requires KYC-verified bank account
  • Connected to KYC-verified exchange
  • Exchange must still be operational
  • Bank must be crypto-friendly

2. Third-Party Services (Moonpay, Flexa, etc.)

  • High fees and wide spreads
  • Same KYC requirements
  • Same censorship infrastructure

You could fund from another wallet—but that wallet had to be funded through one of the above. It's turtles all the way down.

Offboarding

Let's say you onboarded successfully. You have USDC in a non-custodial wallet. You ape into1 a leveraged DOGE position. Elon goes on SNL and announces SpaceX accepts it. You sell at the top. 10x gains.

Now what?

The withdrawal path:

  1. Transfer to exchange
  2. Exchange converts to fiat
  3. Exchange sends to bank
  4. Bank accepts the transaction

Each step can fail. The exchange can freeze your account. The bank can reject crypto-related deposits. Policies can change between your deposit and withdrawal.

Your on-chain capital is largely inaccessible for real-world spending. Alternatives exist—collateralized loans, pseudonymous gift cards, peer-to-peer exchanges in crypto-friendly zones—but they're not realistic for most people.

The Censorship Reality

If the US wanted to significantly restrict crypto, it could:

  • Block bank transactions with exchanges
  • Prohibit payment processors from serving crypto companies
  • Require platforms to delist certain tokens

Every chokepoint is a potential control point. This is a significant problem for those who believe in blockchain's ethos—and there's no clear, scalable solution.

The technology might survive. An estimated 5-10% of blockchain users have technical backgrounds2, compared to 0.5% of the general population. The industry can adapt. But widespread adoption through current infrastructure? That's vulnerable.

Who Actually Needs This?

The honest assessment:

DeFi probably isn't for you if:

  • You trust your banks
  • You don't care about self-sovereignty
  • You're not speculating
  • You're in a stable jurisdiction

In that case, the risks likely exceed the benefits.

DeFi might be necessary if:

  • You're in Argentina, Venezuela, or similar economies
  • You're experiencing hyperinflation
  • You're subject to strict capital controls
  • Your banks can't be trusted

Location determines value. The same tool that's a speculative toy in New York is a financial lifeline in Buenos Aires.

The Bottom Line

Blockchains are remarkable engineering. The political and financial infrastructure around them is not.

The technology is as strong as its weakest link. Right now, that's onboarding and offboarding. Until that changes—through regulatory evolution, better UX, or new infrastructure—the "first billion users" everyone pitches on slide 5 will remain a pitch deck fantasy.

The technology works. The on-ramps and off-ramps don't—yet.


References

The actual percentage may vary significantly by blockchain platform and geographic region.

Footnotes

  1. "Ape" or "Aping in" is crypto slang referring to buying into a cryptocurrency or NFT project quickly without thorough due diligence, often based on hype or fear of missing out (FOMO). ↩

  2. This estimate is based on industry observation and conference demographics rather than formal survey data. ↩

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Category

crypto

Published

January 8, 2023

Reading Time

2 min read

Tags

crypto

All Tags (17)

crypto(18)
web(3)
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ai-training
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bitcoin
gold
inflation
theory
ai
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Contents

Key Takeaways
The Chokepoints
Onboarding
Offboarding
The Censorship Reality
Who Actually Needs This?
The Bottom Line
References